Apparatus for measuring charges of powdered and granular materials



A. D. PAULL 2,161,190

APPARATUS FOR MEASURING cameras OF POWDERED AND GRANULAR MATERIALS June '6, 1939.

Filed Jan. 28, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 0 a a w w. 7 4 a 0 2 I H a a u m I 8 5 H 2 6 INVENTOR Ambrose lLPauZl A. D. PAULL APPARATUS FOR MEASURING CHARGES OF POWDERED AND GRANULAR MATERIALS Filed Jan. 28, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Ambrosel? Paul Z v I m Patented an, 6, i939,

- UNITED S ATES-PATE T- OFFICE-J ArrAnA'rUs'Fon MEASURING CHARGES on rownnann AND GaANULAn MATERIALS A Ambrose D. Pauli, Wheeling, W. Va., assignor to Wheeling Stamping Company, Wheeling, W. Va a corporation of West Virginia v Application January 2a, 1938, Serial No. 181418 1; Claims. (01. 221 -104) This invention relates to the dispensing of measured amounts of dry powdered or granular materials from a much larger bulk and is for an apparatus wherein small charges of uniformly j regular amounts may bemeasured out.

In the production of small articles from resinous materials, as for example the making of Bakelite bottle caps from the potentially reactive resin producing powder, considerable variation in the production results from the met that according to present methods of measuring out the 'charges of. dry powderconsiderable variation oc-v curs between successive charges. Likewise; in the a -measuring of explosive powders for use in filling "l5 cartridges considerable variations occurs in successive'charges measured out from the same filling or measuring'device. Likewise in various other applications irregularity oLproduction results from irregularities occurring in the measuring of successive charges of material from a larger mass.

In the measuring of the dry powdered and granular materials up to the present time it is common in most types of machines provided for the purpose to allow the drymaterial to flow from a hopper to which it is supplied in bulk into some form of measuring receptacle or cavity which is moved into position under the hopper and then moved out from under the hopper; Variatlon results from the fact that as the level of the material in the hopper changes the material in the receiving cavity is compacted with greater or less pressure. and the material received intov the measuring cavity will be more or less dense,

- depending upon these variations of pressure.

The present invention has for its purpose to provide an apparatus wherein variations resultmg from changes in pressure, as above described,

are minimized and wherein successive chargesare produced with much more uniformity than heretofore. While the invention has been spe-, cifically' mentioned as being applicable 'to' the measuring of potentially reactive resin forming materials and to explosive powders this is merely typical of uses for which the invention is designed and the invention is applicable for use-in the measuring of v batch materials wher measured charges wherein the tolerance and varius chemical and other 5b ation between successive-charges is to be closely controlled. The invention may be readily-um derstood by reference to the accompanying draw-- ings which illustrate certain simplelembodiments of my invention and of whicli 55 Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section it is desired to produce through an apparatus embodying my invention with the parts in an initial or starting position;

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing the parts moved to a second position in the operation of the machine;

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figures land 2 but with the parts advanced to still another position;

r Figure 4 is a transverse section in the plane of line IV-IVof Figure 1; 10 Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 2 of. a

slightly modified arrangement; and

' Figure 6 15 a perspective view showing one form of a measuring slide forming a part ofthe apparatus illustrated in the preceding figures.

Referring to Figures 1 to 4 and Figure 6, 2 designates a hopper having an inclined bottom in which is a discharge orifice 3, and at each side of the orifice 3 the base of the hopper provides a flat slide engaging surface A. As shown in 20 Figure 4, the hopper is supported on parallel upstanding flanges 6 on a base member 1. Mounted on the base member 1 between the upstanding flanges 6 is a measuring slide designat ed generally as 8. This slide comprises a flat 5 bifurcated plate member, best shown in Figure 6,

resting on the top of the measuring slide 8 is a second slide plate l3, the bottom of which rests on the plate-8 and the top 'of which bears against 40.

jhe flat surfaces 4 on the under side of the base of the hopper. The plate 13 is provided with a. material receiving. cavity M which is larger than the cavity I! in the measuring slide 8. While the cavity I4 is larger than the cavity." it is only 45 moderately larger and its capacity is very much less than the capacity of the hopper. In use the parts are initially in the position shown in-Figure 1 wherein the material receivlng'cavity 4 in the plate l3 registers with the orifice 3 in the bottom v of the hopper while the bottom of the cavity I4 is closed by the measuring slide 8. Material may flow from the hopper 2 into the receiving cavity ll when the parts are in this position. The plate I3 is then moved in a. horizontal plane'relatively to the opening 3 in the hopper so as to cut ofi further fiow of material from the opening 3 and."

then bring the cavity i4 into register with the receiving cavity l2 in the measuring slide 8.

In this position sufiicient material falls from hopper is filled, it can discharge from the cavity 14 into the cavity I2 only under the head or weight of the small column in the cavity M: Any

variation in the weight of this column by reason of the cavity I4 having been filled under conditions of maximum or minimum' pressure is so small as to exert no practical diiierence in the charging of the material into the cavity I2. After the parts have been brought to the position shown in Figure 2 to allow the cavity H to be filled,

' the measuring slide is then moved out of register with the. cavity l 4, to a point of discharge. In the apparatus shown discharge is effected byadvancing the measuring slide 8 over the supporting plate 1 to a point where the receiving cavity l2 registers with an opening [5 in'the plate I. At this time the cavity 12 is out. of register with the cavity l4 and the measured charge of material drops through the opening l5 into any suitable receptacle such as that indicated at l6.

While the operation of the slides may be 'effected by any suitable mechanism, I have for the purpose of illustration only shown one form of mechanism for operating the slides. The mech-' -'anism illustrated comprises a hand lever 41, piviotally supported at l8 on a bracket l9 secured to the'hoppen The upper end of the lever l1, comprises an operating handle. At th lowerslot 2| ina link 22, pivotally connected to the measuring slide 8 at 23. A link 24 is pivotally connected at 25 'to the intermediate slide 13. Theouter end of this link is bifurcated as indicated at 26, and a pin 21 on the lever engages a slide block 28 which is movable along the bifurcated portion of the link. This movement a is resisted by a compression spring 29 and a bolt 30 threaded through a crossmember 3| on the end of the link 24 provides an adjustable. abut-,

ment for limiting the sliding movement of the block 28 along the bifurcation of the link. -At

the. right hand end of the-base portion 4, of the hopper is a dependingdip or abutment 32 adapted to limit the travel of the intermediate slide l3 in a direction toward the right as viewed in Figure -1. I

In theoperation of this mechanism the operator starting with the .lever shown in position 60 in Figure 1 pushes it toward the left, causingthe lower end to move toward the right.

vIn the initial movement of the lever thepin 20 on the lowermost end of the lever slides freely in the slot 2| of the link 22 so that the measuring slide 8 remains stationary. Pressure is transmitted through the block 28 and the spring '29. to the link 2fi, causing the intermediate slide 13 to move to the position shown in Figure 2. At the time the intermediate slide l3 engages the abutment 32 thepinifl .yvill have completed its free travel in the slot 28 and further movement of the lever will cause the spring 29 to be compressed while the plate l3 remains stationary and cause-the measuring slide 8 to move to the right as viewed in Figure 2 to the position shownmost end of the lever is a pin 20 engaging in an in Figure 3 where the cavity l2 registers with the discharge opening l5. Upon movement of the lever I! in the opposite direction the compression of the spring 29 'will first be relieved and the intermediate slide l3 will be moved toward the-left while the pin 20 moves along the slot 2! and after the pin 20 has completed its 1 free movement in the slot 2| the measuring slide ly illustrative of ne mechanism that may be employed. Figure 5 illustrates a modified form of apparatus utilizing the same general principles as embodied in the arrangement hereinbefore described, In this figure the hopper is designated 35. It is provided with a discharge throat 36 in which is a cylindrical chamber below which there is a material receiving cavity 31 of relatively small capacity but larger than that required to hold the measured amount of material. It corresponds in function to-the cavity I4 of the intermediate slide I3 of the construction shown in. Figure 1. In the cylindrical chamber in the throat 36' at the bottom of the hopper is a pocket wheel or drum 38 having a series of pockets or cavities 39 in its periphery. The cavity 31 is formed in a base member 40 supported above a fiat plate 4|. Thereis a measuring slide plate 42 similar in all respects to that shown in Figure 6, this slide plate having an adjustable block 43 similar to theadjustable block 9 and being provided with an adjusting mechanism similar to that described. A measuring cavity in x measuring slide 42 is operated to bring the cavity 44 into register with the cavity 31, allowing the material to fall from the cayity 31 into the cavity 64 after which the plate 42 is moved to the right as viewed in Figure 5' to simultaneously close thebottom of the cavity 31 and bring the measuring cavity 44 over discharge opening 45 in the supporting plate 4|; i

This modification shows another arrangement wherein the material from the hopper is delivered to a transfer or intermediate cavity and falls .fromsuch cavity into a measuring receptacle under such a small head 9f pressure that minute variations that might exist have ,no practical disadvantage. For operating the mechanism shown in Figure 5', I- have shown a hand lever 46 pivotally supported at 41 to a ratchet 48. The lever .46 is provided with a pawl at 49 that engages a ratchet-wheel 50 to turn the, drum 38 a predetermined distance with each movement of the lever 46. 'The lowermost end of the. lever 45 is connected through a link- 5| with the measuring slide 42. y or, 1. I In the use of my invention the dry bulk rfiaterial in either powdered or granular form is understood that this was merely by way of illustration and that various changes and modifications are contemplated.

I claim: I

1. Apparatus; for measuring out charges of dry granular or powdered material comprising a hopper, means for receiving the exact amountof material 'required, and means interposed be'-- tween the hopper and the first means for.receiv-- ing material from the hopper and delivering it to the first means, said second means having a capacity greater than thefirst, whereby said'second means may hold a supply of material in excess of the capacityof the first,.said first and second means being relatively movable into and out of register, and means for interrupting communica-- tion between said second means and the hopper at alltimes when the second means is delivering material to the first, whereby the pressure of the volume of material in the hopper may not be transmitted to the material being charged into. the said first means. A

2. Apparatus of the class described comprising a hopper, a measuring device, and an intermediate means having a cavity for receiving "matrial 5 from the hopper and discharging it into the measher having a unit capacity greater than that of 4 uring device and also having means to interrupt any direct'fiow of material from the hopper to themeasuring device, said intermediate memthe measuring device, whereby it may always receive from the hopper more material than is re- 'quired by the measuring device, the measuring device and the intermediate means being relatively movable into and out of position where material from the'latter fiows directly into the former. Y

3. Apparatus of the class described comprising a hopper for holding material, a measuring member having a cavity therein. adapted to receive material to be measured out, and means intermediate the hopper and the measuring member for receiving material from the hopper and delivering it to the material in the measuring memher, and means operable at all timeswhen' the measuring member is receiving material from the saidintermediate-means to interrupt any direct communication between the hopper and measur* -ing member, whereby the pressure of material in 'thehopper is never'transmitted to material in the measuring member. I

4. Apparatus of the class described comprising a hopper, means having a material receiving cavity therein for receiving material, from the hopper, and t a measuring member having a cavity therein movable into and out of register with the cavity in said means, the cavity in the said means having a capacity. somewhat greater than the cavity in the measuring member,. and means for preventing the direct now of material fromthe hopper through the cavity-in the first means to the cavity in the measuring member.

5. Apparatus of the classdescribed comprising a hopper, a measuring receptacle, and means interposed between the hopper and measuring receptacle ifor receiving material from the hopper device, said means and said measuring device being relatively movable whereby the cavity in and having a cavity for holding a mass of inaterial slightly more than suflicient to fillthe measuring receptacle, said means and the measuring receptacle being relatively movable in a horizontal plane in such manner as to bring the measuring receptacle into and out of register withsaid interposed means, and means for preventing at any time the direct flow of materialfrom the hopper through the receiving' means 2o 7'. Apparatus of the class described comprising a hopper having a discharge passage lead-- ing therefrom, a measuring device having a cavity therein adapted to, hold a predetermined amount of material, and means interposed between the discharge of the hopper and the measuring device having a cavity therein adapted to receive material from the hopper and having a capacity such as to hold a volume of material greater than that which will fill the cavity in the measuring device, said means and said measuring device being relatively movable whereby the cavity in the measuring device may be brought into register with the cavity in said means and whereby it may be moved out of register, and

means for interrupting the tree flow of ma- .terial from the hopper. into the cavity in said 8 Apparatus of the class described comprising 40 a hopper having a discharge passage leading therefrom, a measuring device having a cavity therein adapted to hold a predetermined ainount of material, and means interposed betweenthe discharge of the hopper and the-measuring device having a cavity therein adapted to receive material from the hopper and of a capacity such as to hold a volume of material greater than. thatwhich will fill the cavity in the measuring the measuring device may be brought into register with the cavity in said means and whereby it may be moved outof register, and-means for interrupting the free flow of material from the hopper into the cavity in said interposed means at all timeswhen the cavity in the measuring device is registering with the cavity in said inter,-

posed means, the measuring device being supported (in another meniber which provides aclosure for the cavity in the measuring device, said relatively movable 'to.efiect .an 'opening of the cavity in the measuring device.-

9. Apparatus of the'class described comprising measuring device and said other member being a hopper having a discharge opening, a slide plate 1 under the hopper having a cavity passing therethrough, a second slide plate-under the first also having a cavity therein, said slide plates being relatively movable to bring the cavities into reg-'- ister, and means for preventing the flow of ma.-

terial from the hopper into the cavity of the first plate at any time when said cavity is in register with the cavity in the second p te.-

5 brought into register with the opening in .the

bottom of the hopper to receive material from the hopper and being movable to a position where the slide plate closes the hopper against the flow of material therefrom, a second slide plate under 10 the first having a cavity therein of less capacity than the one in the first slide plate, said second slide plate being movable to bring the cavity therein into and out of register with the cavity in the first, and means for operating the slide plates in such manner that material is first de- Y livered from the hopper into the cavity of the first slide and then is delivered from the cavity in the first slide to the cavity in the second slide cavity. 7

only at a time when the flow of material from the hopper to the cavity in the flrst slide iscut oil.

11. Apparatus of the class described comprising a hopper having a discharge passage'leading therefrom, means under the hopper providing a receptacle of limited capacity, a slide plate under said means normally forming a closed bottom for the receptacle therein but having a cavity therein adapted to be moved into register with the-receptacle in said means to receive material therefrom, the capacity of the cavity in the slide plate being less than the capacity in said receptacle, said means under the hopper having a part which extends across the bottom of the hopper for interrupting the free flow of material from the hopper to the receptacle at any time when the receptacle is delivering material to the AMBROSE D. PAULL. I 

